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[[File:Mikis2004.jpg|thumb|Mikis Theodorakis in 2004. Picture by Guy Wagner]]
Michael "Mikis" Theodorakis (Greek: Μιχαήλ (Μίκης) Θεοδωράκης [ˈmicis θeoðoˈɾacis]; born 29 July 1925) is a [[:Category:Greece|Greek]] politician, composer and lyricist who has contributed to contemporary Greek music with over 1000 works.<sup>[1][2][3][4][5]</sup>

He scored the films ''Zorba the Greek'' (1964), ''Z'' (1969), and ''Serpico'' (1973). He composed the "Mauthausen Trilogy" also known as "The Ballad of Mauthausen", which has been described as the "most beautiful musical work ever written about the Holocaust" and possibly his best work<sup>[6]</sup>. He is viewed as Greece's best-known living composer.<sup>[2][4][7]</sup> He was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize.<sup>[8]</sup>

Politically, he is associated with the left because of his long-standing ties to the Communist Party of Greece. He was an MP for the KKE from 1981-90. Nevertheless, in 1989 he ran as an independent candidate within the centre-right New Democracy party, in order for the country to emerge from the political crisis that had been created due to the numerous scandals of the government of Andreas Papandreou,<sup>[9]</sup> and helped establish a large coalition between conservatives, socialists and leftists. In 1990 he was elected to the parliament (as in 1964 and 1981) and became a government minister under Constantine Mitsotakis. He has consistently opposed oppressive regimes and was a key voice against the 1967–74 Greek junta, which imprisoned him and banned his songs.<sup>[12]</sup>

== Biography ==
=== Early years ===
Mikis Theodorakis was born on the Greek island of Chios and spent his childhood years in different provincial Greek cities such as Mytilene,<sup>[13]</sup> Cephallonia,<sup>[13]</sup> Patras,<sup>[14][15]</sup> Pyrgos,<sup>[16][17]</sup> and Tripoli.<sup>[17][18]</sup> His father, a lawyer and a civil servant, was from the small village of Kato Galatas<sup>[19][20]</sup> on Crete and his mother, Aspasia Poulakis, was from an ethnically Greek family in Çeşme, in what is today Turkey.<sup>[7][21][22][23][24]</sup> He was raised with Greek folk music and was influenced by Byzantine liturgy; as a child he had already talked about becoming a composer.<sup>[25][26]</sup>

His fascination with music began in early childhood; he taught himself to write his first songs without access to musical instruments. He took his first music lessons in Patras<sup>[14]</sup> and Pyrgos<sup>[16]</sup>, where he was a childhood friend of George Pavlopoulos<sup>[27]</sup>, and in Tripoli, Peloponnese,<sup>[18]</sup> he gave his first concert at the age of seventeen. He went to Athens in 1943, and became a member of a Reserve Unit of ELAS, and led a troop in the fight against the British and the Greek right in the Dekemvriana.<sup>[28]</sup> During the Greek Civil War he was arrested, sent into exile on the island of Icaria<sup>[29]</sup> and then deported to the island of Makronisos, where he was tortured and twice buried alive.<sup>[30]</sup>

During the periods when he was not forced to hide, exiled or jailed, he studied from 1943 to 1950 at the Athens Conservatoire under Filoktitis Economidis.<sup>[31]</sup> In 1950, he finished his studies and passed his last two exams "with flying colours".<sup>[32]</sup> He went to Crete, where he became the "head of the Chania Music School" and founded his first orchestra.<sup>[33]</sup> 

== Studies in Paris ==
[[File:Mikis Theodorakis in Paris.jpg|thumb|Mikis Theodorakis in Paris. Credits: Anefo - Derived from Nationaal Archief]]
In 1954 he travelled with his young wife Myrto Altinoglou to Paris where he entered the Conservatory and studied musical analysis under Olivier Messiaen<sup>[34]</sup> and conducting under Eugene Bigot.<sup>[35]</sup> His time in Paris, 1954–1959, was his second period of musical writing.

His symphonic works: a Piano concerto, his first suite, his first symphony, and his scores for the ballet: ''Greek Carnival'', ''Le Feu aux Poudres'', ''Les Amants de Teruel'', received international acclaim. In 1957, he won the Gold Medal in the Moscow Music Festival, whose President of the Jury was [[Dmitri Shostakovich]]. In 1959, after the successful performances of Theodorakis's ballet ''Antigone'' at Covent Garden in London, the French composer Darius Milhaud proposed him for the American Copley Music Prize - an award of the "William and Noma Copley Foundation",<sup>[36]</sup> which later changed its name to "Cassandra Foundation" - as the "Best European Composer of the Year". His first international scores for the film ''Ill Met by Moonlight'' and ''Luna de Miel'' by Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger respectively, were also very successful: The Honeymoon title song became part of the repertoire of The Beatles.

== Back to Greek roots ==
[[File:Mikis Theodorakis.jpg|thumb|Mikis Theodorakis shortly after his return to Greece, in 1961]]
In 1960, Theodorakis returned to Greece and his roots in Greek music: With his song cycle ''Epitaphios'' he started his third compositional period and contributed to a cultural revolution in his country.<sup>[37]</sup> His most significant and influential works are based on Greek and world poetry (''Epiphania'' (Giorgos Seferis), ''Little Kyklades'' (Odysseas Elytis), ''Axion Esti'' (Odysseas Elytis), ''Mauthausen'' (Iakovos Kambanellis), ''Romiossini'' (Yannis Ritsos), and ''Romancero Gitano'' (Federico García Lorca)), and represented his attempt to give back to Greek music a dignity which, in his perception, it had lost. He developed his concept of "metasymphonic music" (symphonic compositions that go beyond the "classical" status and mix symphonic elements with popular songs, Western symphonic orchestra and Greek popular instruments).

He founded the Little Orchestra of Athens and the Musical Society of Piraeus and gave many concerts throughout Greece and abroad. Eventually, he became involved in the politics of his home country. After the assassination of Gregoris Lambrakis in May 1963 he founded the Lambrakis Democratic Youth ("Lambrakidès") and was elected its president.<sup>[38]</sup> Under Theodorakis's impetus, it started a vast cultural renaissance movement and became the largest political organisation in Greece at the time, with more than 50.000 members.<sup>[39]</sup> Following the 1964 elections, Theodorakis became a member of the Greek Parliament, associated with the left-wing party EDA. Because of his political ideas, the composer was black-listed by the cultural establishment; at the time of his biggest artistic recognition, a large number of his songs were censored or were not allowed on radio stations.<sup>[40]</sup>

During 1964, he wrote the music for the Michael Cacoyiannis film ''Zorba the Greek'', whose main theme became emblematic in Greece. It is also known as the 'Syrtaki dance', inspired by old Cretan traditional dances.

Among his works of this period is the "Mauthausen Trilogy" also known as "The Ballad of Mauthausen", a series of songs with lyrics based on poems written by Greek poet Iakovos Kambanellis. It has been described as the "most beautiful musical work ever written about the Holocaust" and as "an exquisite, haunting and passionate melody that moves Kambanellis' affecting words to an even higher level". It has also been described as possibly Theodorakis's best work.<sup>[6][43]</sup>

== During the dictatorship ==
[[File:Mikis Theodorakis Fabrik 070004.jpg|thumb|M. Theodorakis (1971). Photo by Heinrich Klaffs ]]
On 21 April 1967 a right wing junta (the Regime of the Colonels) took power in a putsch. Theodorakis went underground and founded the "Patriotic Front" (PAM). On 1 June, the Colonels published the "Army decree No 13", which banned playing, and even listening to his music. Theodorakis himself was arrested on 21 August,<sup>[44]</sup> and jailed for five months. Following his release end of January 1968, he was banished in August to Zatouna with his wife Myrto and their two children, Margarita and Yorgos.<sup>[45]</sup> Later he was interned in the concentration camp of Oropos.<sup>[46]</sup>

An international solidarity movement, headed by such personalities as Dmitri Shostakovich, Leonard Bernstein, Arthur Miller, and Harry Belafonte demanded to get Theodorakis freed. On request of the French politician Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, Theodorakis was allowed to go into exile to Paris on 13 April 1970. Theodorakis's flight left very secretly from an Onassis owned private airport outside Athens. Theodorakis arrived at Le Bourget Airport where he met Costa Gavras, Melina Mercouri and Jules Dassin. Theodorakis was immediately hospitalized because he suffered from lung tuberculosis.<sup>[47]</sup> Myrto Theodorakis, Mikis's wife and two children joined him a week later in France. They arrived from Greece to France via Italy on a boat.<sup>[48]</sup>

== Resistance in exile ==
[[File:Theodorakis Kaisaria 70s Mordo Avrahmov.jpg|thumb|Mikis Theodorakis at a concert in Caesarea, Israel, in the 1970s. Photo by Mordo Avrahamov]]
While in exile, Theodorakis fought for the overthrowing of the colonels for four years. He began his world tours and gave thousands of concerts on all continents as part of his struggle for the restoration of democracy in Greece.

He met Pablo Neruda and Salvador Allende and promised them to compose his version of Neruda's ''Canto General''. He was received by Gamal Abdel Nasser and Tito, Yigal Allon and Yasser Arafat, while François Mitterrand,<sup>[50]</sup> Olof Palme and Willy Brandt became his friends. For millions of people, Theodorakis was the symbol of resistance against the Greek dictatorship.<sup>[51]</sup>

== Return to Greece ==
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1989-0115-030, Pfingsttreffen der FDJ.jpg|thumb|Theodorakis on a visit in East Germany, May 1989]]
After the fall of the Colonels, Mikis Theodorakis returned to Greece on July 24th 1974 to continue his work and his concert tours, both in Greece and abroad.<sup>[52]</sup> At the same time he participated in public affairs. In 1978, through his article ''For a United Left Wing'', he "stirred up Greek political life. His proposal for the unification of the three parties of the former United Left – which had grown out of the National Liberation Front (N.L.F.) – had been accepted by the Greek Communist Party, which later proposed him as the candidate for mayor of Athens during the 1978 elections." (Andreas Brandes)<sup>[53]</sup> He was later elected several times to the Greek Parliament (1981–1986 and 1989–1993) and for two years, from 1990 to 1992, he was a minister in the government of Constantine Mitsotakis. After his resignation as a member of Greek parliament, he was appointed General Musical Director of the Choir and the two Orchestras of the Hellenic State Radio (ERT), which he reorganised and with which he undertook successful concert tours abroad.<sup>[54]</sup>

[[File:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and George Papandreou, Greece May 2010 5.jpg|thumb|Theodorakis holding hands with Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou. Photo by: Πρωθυπουργός της Ελλάδας ]]
He was committed to raise international awareness of human rights, of environmental issues and of the need for peace and, for this reason, he initiated, along with the Turkish author, musician, singer, and filmmaker Zülfü Livaneli, the Greek–Turkish Friendship Society.<sup>[55]</sup>

From 1981, Theodorakis had started the fourth period of his musical writing, during which he returned to the symphonic music, while still going on to compose song-cycles. His most significant works written in these years are his Second, Third, Fourth and Seventh Symphony, most of them being first performed in the former German Democratic Republic between 1982 and 1989. It was during this period that he received the Lenin Peace Prize. He composed his first opera ''Kostas Kariotakis'' (The Metamorphoses of Dionysus) and the ballet ''Zorba the Greek'', premièred in the Arena of Verona during the 1988 Verona Festival. During this period, he also wrote the five volumes of his autobiography: ''The Ways of the Archangel'' (Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου).

In 1989, he started the fifth period, the last, of his musical writing: He composed three operas (lyric tragedies) ''Medea'', first performed in Bilbao (1 October 1991), ''Elektra'', first performed in Luxembourg (2 May 1995) and ''Antigone'', first performed in Athens' Megaron Moussikis (7 October 1999). This trilogy was complemented by his last opera ''Lysistrata'', first performed in Athens (14 April 2002).

For a period of 10 years, Alexia Vassiliou teamed up with Mikis Theodorakis and his Popular Orchestra. During that time, and as a tribute to Theodorakis’s body of work, Vassiliou recorded a double album showcasing some of the composer’s most consummate musical creations, and in 1998, Sony BMG released the album, entitled ''Alexia–Mikis Theodorakis''.

Theodorakis is a Doctor honoris causa of several universities, including Montreal, Thessaloniki, and Crete. Currently he lives in retirement, reading, writing, publishing arrangements of his scores, texts about culture and politics. In 2005, he was awarded the Sorano Friendship and Peace Award, the Russian International St.-Andrew-the-First-Called Prize, the insignia of Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of Luxembourg, and the IMC UNESCO International Music Prize, while already in 2002 he was honoured in Bonn with the Erich Wolfgang Korngold Prize for film music at the International Film Music Biennial in Bonn<sup>[56][57]</sup> In 2007, he received a Lifetime Achievement Award at the World Soundtrack Awards ceremony in Ghent.<sup>[58]</sup>

A final set of songs entitled ''Odysseia'' was composed with poetry written by Costas Kartelias used for lyrics. In 2009 he composed a ''Rhapsody for Strings'' (Mezzo-Soprano or Baryton ad lib.). 

On February 26th, 2019, Theodorakis was hospitalized due to heart problems,<sup>[60]</sup> and on March 8th, 2019, Theodorakis he underwent surgery to place a pacemaker at an undisclosed Athens hospital.<sup>[61]</sup>

<youtube> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xjnlcs-3xDM </youtube>
== Works ==
His song cycles are based on poems by Greek authors, as well as by García Lorca and Neruda: ''Epitaphios'', ''Archipelagos'', ''Politia A-D'', ''Epiphania'', ''The Hostage'', ''Mykres Kyklades'', ''Mauthausen'', ''Romiossini'', ''Sun and Time'', ''Songs for Andreas'', ''Mythology'', ''Night of Death'', ''Ta Lyrika'', ''The Quarters of the World'', ''Dionysos'', ''Phaedra'', ''Mia Thalassa'', ''Os Archaios Anemos'', ''Ta Lyrikotera'', ''Ta Lyrikotata'', ''Erimia'', ''Odysseia''. Theodorakis released two albums of his songs and song cycles on Paredon Records and Folkways Records in the early seventies, including his ''Peoples' Music: The Struggles of the Greek People'' (1974).<sup>[71]</sup>

=== Symphonic works ===
* 1952: Piano Concerto "Helikon"
* 1953: First Symphony ("Proti Simfonia")
* 1954–1959: 3 Orchestral Suites
* 1958: Piano Concerto
* 1981: Symphony No 2 ("The Song of the Earth"; text: Mikis Theodorakis) for children's choir, piano, and orchestra
* 1981: Symphony No 3 (texts: Dionysios Solomos; Constantine P. Cavafy; Byzantine hymns) for soprano, choir, and orchestra
* 1983: Symphony No 7 ("Spring-Symphony"; texts: Yannis Ritsos; Yorgos Kulukis) for four soloists, choir, and orchestra
* 1986–1987: Symphony No 4 ("Of Choirs") for soprano, mezzo, narrator, choir, and symphonic orchestra without strings
* 1995: Rhapsody for Guitar and Orchestra
* 1996: Rhapsody for Cello and Orchestra
* 2008: Rhapsody for Trumpet and Orchestra (for Piccolo Trumpet, orchestrated by Robert Gulya)
* 2010: "Andalusia" for Mezzo and Orchestra

=== Chamber music ===
* 1942: Sonatina for piano
* 1945: Elegy No 1, for cello and piano
* 1945: Elegy No 2, for violin and piano
* 1946: To Kimitirio (The Cemetery), for string quartet
* 1946: String Quartet No 1
* 1946: Duetto, for two violins
* 1947: Trio, for violin, cello and piano
* 1947: 11 Preludes, for piano
* 1947: Sexteto, for piano, flute and string quartet
* 1949: Study for two violins and cello
* 1952: Syrtos Chaniotikos, for piano and percussion
* 1952: Sonatina No 1, for violin and piano
* 1955: Little Suite, for piano
* 1955: Passacaglia, for two pianos
* 1959: Sonatina No 2, for violin and piano
* 1989: Choros Assikikos, for violoncello solo
* 1996: Melos, for piano
* 2007: East of the Aegean, for cello and piano

=== Cantatas and oratorios ===
* 1960: Axion Esti (text: Odysseas Elytis)
* 1969: The March of the Spirit (text: Angelos Sikelianos)
* 1971–82: Canto General (text: Pablo Neruda)
* 1981–82: Kata Saddukaion Pathi (Sadducean-Passion; text: Michalis Katsaros) for tenor, baritone, bass, choir and orchestra
* 1982: Liturgy No 2 ("To children, killed in War"); texts: Tassos Livaditis, Mikis Theodorakis) for choir
* 1982–83: Lorca, for voice, solo guitar, choir, and orchestra (based on Romancero Gitano, text: Federico García Lorca, translated by Odysseas Elytis)
* 1992: Canto Olympico, for voice, solo piano, choir, and orchestra (texts: Dimitra Manda, Mikis Theodorakis)
* 1999: Requiem (text: St. John Damascene)

=== Hymns ===
* 1970: Hymn for Nasser
* 1973: Hymn for the Socialist Movement in Venezuela
* 1973: Hymn for the Students. dedicated to the victims of Polytechnical School in Athens (18.11.)
* 1977: Hymn of the French Socialist Party
* 1978: Hymn for Malta
* 1982: Hymn of P.L.O.
* 1991: Hymn of the Mediterranean Games
* 1992: "Hellenism" (Greek Hymn for the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games of Barcelona)


=== Ballets ===
* 1953: Greek Carnival (choreography: Rallou Manou)
* 1958: Le Feu aux Poudres (choreography: Paul Goubé)
* 1958: Les Amants de Teruel (choreography: Milko Šparemblek)
* 1959: Antigone (choreography: John Cranko)
* 1972: Antigone in Jail (choreography: Micha van Hoecke)
* 1979: Elektra (choreography: Serge Kenten)
* 1983: Sept Danses Grecques (choreography: Maurice Béjart)
* 1987–88: Zorba il Greco (choreography: Lorca Massine)

=== Operas ===
* 1984–85: Kostas Karyotakis (The Metamorphosis of Dionysos)
* 1988–90: Medea
* 1992–93: Elektra
* 1995–96: Antigone
* 1999–01: Lysistrata
* Music for the stage

=== Classical tragedies ===
* 1959–60: Phoenician Women (Euripides)
* 1960–61: Ajax (Sophocles)
* 1965: Trojan Women (Euripides)
* 1966–67: Lysistrata (Aristophanes)
* 1977: The Suppliants (Aeschylus)
* 1979: The Knights (Aristophanes)
* 1986–88: Oresteia: Agamemnon, Choephorae, Eumenides (Aeschylus)
* 1987: Hecuba (Euripides)
* 1990: Antigone (Sophocles)
* 1992: Prometheus Bound (Aeschylus)
* 1996: Oedipus Rex (Sophocles)
* 2001: Medea (Euripides)

=== Modern plays ===
* 1960–61: To Tragoudi tou Nekrou Adelfou (Ballad of the Dead Brother), Musical Tragedy (text: Mikis Theodorakis)
* 1961–62: Omorphi Poli (Beautiful City), revue (Bost, Dimitris Christodoulou, Christofelis, et al.)
* 1963: I Gitonia ton Angelon (The Quarter of Angels), Music-drama (Iakovos Kambanelis)
* 1963: Magiki Poli (Enchanted City), revue (Mikis Theodorakis, Notis Pergialis, Michalis Katsaros)
* 1971: Antigoni stin Filaki (Antigone in Jail), drama
* 1974: Prodomenos Laos (Betrayed People), music for the theatre (Vangelis Goufas)
* 1975: Echtros Laos (Enemy People), drama (Iakovos Kambanelis)
* 1975: Christophorus Kolumbus, drama (Nikos Kazantzakis)
* 1976: Kapodistrias, drama (Nikos Kazantzakis)
* 1977: O Allos Alexandros ("The Other Alexander"), drama (Margarita Limberaki)
* 1979: Papflessas, play (Spiros Melas)
* International theatre
* 1961: Enas Omiros (The Hostage), drama (Brendan Behan)
* 1963: The Chinese Wall, drama (Max Frisch)
* 1975: Das Sauspiel, tragicomedy (Martin Walser)
* 1979: Caligula, drama (Albert Camus)
* 1978: Polites B' Katigorias (Second-Class Citizens), drama (Brian Friel)
* 1980: Perikles, tragedy, (William Shakespeare)
* 1994: Macbeth, tragedy (William Shakespeare)

=== Principal film scores ===
* 1960: Ill Met by Moonlight (Director: Michael Powell)
* 1960: Honeymoon (Luna de miel) (Director: Michael Powell, Choreography: Léonide Massine)
* 1960: Faces in the Dark (Director: David Eady)
* 1961: Shadow of the Cat (Director: John Gilling)
* 1961: Phaedra (Director: Jules Dassin)
* 1962: The Lovers of Teruel (Director: Raymond Rouleau)
* 1962: Five Miles to Midnight (Director: Anatole Litvak)
* 1962: Electra (Director: Michael Cacoyannis)
* 1964: Zorba the Greek (Director: Michael Cacoyannis)
* 1966: A Bullet Through the Heart (Director: Jean-Daniel Pollet)
* 1967: The Day the Fish Came Out (Director: Michael Cacoyannis)
* 1969: Z (Director: Costa-Gavras)
* 1971: Biribi (Director: Daniel Moosman)
* 1971: The Trojan Women (Director: Michael Cacoyannis)
* 1972: State of Siege (Director: Costa-Gavras)
* 1973: The Battle of Sutjeska (Director: Stipe Delić)
* 1973: Serpico (Director: Sidney Lumet)
* 1974: The Rehearsal (Director: Jules Dassin)
* 1976: Actas de Marousia (Director: Miguel Littín)
* 1977: Iphigenia (Director: Michael Cacoyannis)
* 1980: The Man with the Carnation (Director: Nikos Tzimas)
* 2013: Recycling Medea (Director: Asteris Kutulas)

=== Scores ===
* Rhapsody for Cello and Orchestra
* March of the spirit (Oratorio, Full Score)
* Axion esti (Oratorio Full Score)
* Zorbas Ballet (Suite - Ballet, Full Score)
* Carnaval (Suite - Ballet Full, Score)
* Adagio (Full Score) & Sinfonietta (Full Score)
* Epiphania Averof (Cantata)
* Canto Olympico (Oratorio)
* Les Eluard
* Ο κύκλος
* 20 τραγούδια για πιάνο και αρμόνιο
* Η Βεατρίκη στην οδό Μηδέν
* Μια θάλασσα γεμάτη μουσική
* Τα λυρικώτερα
* Τα λυρικώτατα
* Τα πρόσωπα του Ήλιου
* Φαίδρα (Phaedra)
* Λιποτάκτες
* Θαλασσινά φεγγάρια
* Ασίκικο πουλάκη
* Romancero Gitano (για πιάνο - φωνή)
* Τα Λυρικά
* Ταξίδι μέσα στη νύχτα
* Μικρές Κυκλάδες
* Διόνυσος (Dionysus)
* Επιφάνια (Epiphany)
* Επιτάφιος (Epitaph)
* Μπαλάντες. Κύκλος τραγουδιών για πιάνο και φωνή
* Χαιρετισμοί. Κύκλος τραγουδιών για πιάνο και φωνή
* Ένα όμηρος

=== Internationally available CD releases ===
* Mikis Theodorakis & Zülfü Livaneli — Together (Tropical)
* Mikis Theodorakis — First Symphony & Adagio (Wergo/Schott)
* Maria Farantouri — Poetica (Songs by Theodorakis) (Peregrina)
* Mikis Theodorakis — Mikis (Peregrina)
* Mikis Theodorakis — Symphony No. 4 (Wergo/Schott)
* Maria Farantouri — Asmata (Songs by Theodorakis) (Peregrina)
* Mikis Theodorakis — Symphony No. 7 (Wergo/Schott)
* Mikis Theodorakis — Requiem: For soloists, choir and symphonic orchestra (Wergo/Schott)
* Mikis Theodorakis — Symphonietta & Etat de Siege (Wergo/Schott)
* Maria Farantouri & Rainer Kirchmann — Sun & Time: Songs by Theodorakis (Lyra)
* Mikis Theodorakis — Mauthausen Trilogy: In Greek, Hebrew and English (Plaene)
* Mikis Theodorakis — Carnaval — Raven (for mezzo and symphonic orchestra) (Wergo/Schott)
* Mikis Theodorakis — Resistance (historic recordings) (Wergo/Schott)
* Mikis Theodorakis — First Songs (Wergo/Schott)
* Mikis Theodorakis — Antigone/Medea/Electra (3-Opera Box) (Wergo/Schott)
* Mikis Theodorakis — The Metamorphosis of Dionysus (Opera) (Wergo/Schott)
* Mikis Theodorakis — Rhapsodies for Cello and Guitar (Wergo/Schott)
* Mikis Theodorakis — East of the Aegean (for cello and piano) (Wergo/Schott)
* Mikis Theodorakis & Francesco Diaz — Timeless (Wormland White)

== Written works ==
* Για την ελληνική μουσική (About Greek music)
* Το τραγούδι του νεκρού αδελφού
* Το μανιφέστο των Λαμπράκηδων
* Ζητείται αριστερά
* Δημοκρατική και συγκεντρωτική αριστερά
* Οι μνηστήρες της Πηνελόπης
* Περί τέχνης (Essays and articles about art)
* Πού πάμε; (Where are we going?, Gnosis Publishing House, Athens 1988)
* Ανατομία της μουσικής (Anatomy of the Music, 1983)
* Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου Ι–V (Mikis Theodorakis, Paths of the Archangel (Autobiography), Kedros Publishing House, Athens 1986–88)
* Αντιμανιφέστο (Antimanifest, Gnosis Publishing House, Athens 1998)
* Μελοποιημένη Ποίηση Ι–III (Poetry & textes of his musical works)
* Πού να βρω την ψυχή μου... A' - Γ' (Where can I find my soul (Essays & Articles), Livanis Publishing House, Athens 2002)
* Να μαγευτώ και να μεθύσω
* Μάνου Χατζιδάκι εγκώμιον (About Manos Hatzidakis, Ianos Publishing House, Thessaloniki 2004)
* I had Three Lives (Poetry by Mikis Theodorakis in English, translated by Gail Holst)
* Σπίθα. Για μια Ελλάδα ανεξάρτητη και δυνατή, Ianos Publishing House, Thessaloniki, 2011

== References ==
# John Chrysochoos, Ph.D. (17 November 2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=yw4thI1QTlgC&pg=PA24 Ikaria - Paradise in Peril.] Dorrance Publishing. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-4349-8240-7. Retrieved 1 November 2012. Theodorakis the internationally renowned Greek composer
#  Maura Ellyn; Maura McGinnis (1 August 2004). [https://books.google.com/books?id=N69iOTtVHGYC&pg=PT86 Greece: A Primary Source Cultural Guide.] The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-8239-3999-2. Retrieved 1 November 2012. Considered Greece's greatest living composer, Theodorakis has written many scores.
#  [http://www.athensnews.gr/portal/4194/53430 Athensnews Interview: Theodorakis' call to arms Famous composer Theodorakis addresses protesters during a rally against a new austerity package, outside the University of Athens, in 2011] Archived 3 July 2012 at the Wayback Machine
#  Mike Gerrard (3 March 2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=bQMzcJwxwAoC&pg=PA47 National Geographic Traveler: Greece, 3rd Edition.] National Geographic Society. pp. 47–. ISBN 978-1-4262-0396-1. Retrieved 1 November 2012. The most famous Greek musician of contemporary times is undoubtedly Mikis Theodorakis (born 1925), best known for
#  [http://www.greekembassy.org/embassy/content/en/Article.aspx?office=3&folder=218&article=15530 Embassy of Greece International conference honors renowned composer Mikis Theodorakis' 80th birthday An international conference dedicated to the work of famous music composer Mikis Theodorakis in honor of his 80th birthday, kicked off on Friday in Hania, Crete.] Archived 5 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
#  Αντωνης Μποσκοιτης (2 February 2015). [http://www.lifo.gr/team/music/55078 "Αφιέρωμα στη Μπαλάντα του Μάουτχάουζεν του Μίκη Θεοδωράκη και του Ιάκωβου Καμπανέλλη Το ωραιότερο μουσικό έργο για το Ολοκαύτωμα που γράφτηκε ποτέ"]. Lifo.gr. Retrieved 27 December 2015. Google translation: "A Tribute to Ballad of Mauthausen Mikis Theodorakis and Iakovos Kambanellis The finest musical work about the Holocaust ever written."
#  Dimitris Keridis (28 July 2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=c_qpXc2GTzIC&pg=PA150 Historical Dictionary of Modern Greece.] Scarecrow Press. pp. 150–. ISBN 978-0-8108-5998-2. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
#  Yearbook of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (in Russian). Moscow: Sovetskaya Enciklopediya. 1983
#  Theodorakis: Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου V / The Ways of the Archangel, Autobiography, Volume V, p. 331 sq
#  [http://en.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/articleview/46/1/11 "Official Website"]. En.mikis-theodorakis.net. 2004-07-27. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
#  [http://en.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/articleview/440/1/10 "Official Website"]. En.mikis-theodorakis.net. 15 September 2005. Retrieved 13 February 2012.
#  Theodorakis: Journal of Resistance
#  Γιωργος ΑρΧιμανδριτης (2007). [https://books.google.com/books?id=HrIOAQAAMAAJ Σε πρωτο προσωπο: Μικης Θεοδωρακης. Ελληνικα Γραμματα.] ISBN 978-960-442-911-0. Retrieved 8 November 2012.
#  Theodorakis: Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου Ι / The Ways of the Archangel, Autobiography, Volume I, p. 72 sq.
#  Mikis Theodorakis (1997). [https://books.google.com/books?id=wNEwAAAAMAAJ Μελοποιημενη ποιηση. Υψιλον/Βιβλια.] Retrieved 8 November 2012.
#  Theodorakis, op. cit., p. 82 sq.
#  Μικης Θεοδωρακης; Γιαννης Κουγιουμουτζακης; Ιδρυμα ΤεΧνολογιας και Ερευνας (Greece) (2007). [https://books.google.com/books?id=ubEOAQAAMAAJ Συμπαντικε αρμονια, μουσικη και επιστημη: στον Μικη Θεοδωρακη.] Πανεπιστημιακες Εκδοσεις Κρητης. ISBN 978-960-524-253-4. Retrieved 8 November 2012. ... Σύρος και Αθήνα (1929), Γιάννενα (1930- 1932), Αργοστόλι (1933-1936), Πάτρα (1937-1938), Πύργος (1938-1939), Τρίπολη
#  Theodorakis, op. cit., Chapter II, p. 95 sq.
#  Gail Holst; Gail Holst-Warhaft (1980). [https://books.google.com/books?id=KhU6AAAAIAAJ Theodorakis: myth & politics in modern Greek music.] Hakkert. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
#  George Giannaris (1972). [https://books.google.com/books?id=JwUXAQAAIAAJ Mikis Theodorakis: music and social change.] Praeger. Retrieved 3 November 2012. For nearly six months, Mikis remained on the island of Crete trying to put the past behind, and become a human being ... For too long, he had been a drain on hisfather who was finding it difficult to practice his profession in the tiny village of KatoGalata, or even the larger town of Cha- nia. There was no dearth of lawyersestablished in the area for years, and even though Yiorgos had been born there, his
#  [https://books.google.com/books?id=7jsoAQAAIAAJ The New York Times Biographical Service.] New York Times & Arno Press. April 1970. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
#  Bernard A. Cook (2001). [https://books.google.com/books?id=53oBuYEjF9EC&pg=PA939 Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia.] Routledge. pp. 939–. ISBN 978-0-203-80174-1. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
#  Sir Compton Mackenzie; Christopher Stone (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=mH89AQAAIAAJ The Gramophone]. C. Mackenzie. Retrieved 3 November 2012. MIKIS THEODORAKIS AT 80 Mikis Theodoralris celebrated his 80th birthday on July 29 this year. ... His mother had moved to the Greek islands from Asia Minor just before the Lausanne Peace Conference in 1923 obliged 1.5 million other
#  [https://books.google.com/books?id=UkxoAAAAMAAJ Journal of Modern Hellenism.] Hellenic College Press. 2001. Retrieved 3 November 2012. While there is no record of a young Mikis Theodorakis being subjected to any serious direct personal physical or psychological trauma, he did grew up in ... Hismother, Aspasia Poulakis, was a refugee form Tsemes, a coastal city in Asia Minor
#  [http://www.schott-music.com/shop/persons/az/21786/ "Schott Music - Mikis Theodorakis - Profile".]
#  Mikis Theodorakis (1973). [https://books.google.com/books?id=XHtWAAAAMAAJ Journals of resistance]. Hart-Davis McGibbon. ISBN 978-0-246-10597-4. Retrieved 3 November 2012. 29 July 1925 Mikis Theodorakis is born on the island of Chios. ... Theodorakis learns to sing Byzantine hymns and, since his father is from Crete and his motherfrom the Greek colony in Asia Minor, he also gets to know the very varied tradition=
#  Levi, Peter. (1980) The Hill of Kronos.
#  Theodorakis: Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου II / The Ways of the Archangel, Autobiography, Volume II, Ch. 3, p. 11 sq; cf. also p. 174sq; Mikis Theodorakis, Τα δικά μου Δεκεμβριανά / My December '44, 1944: Ο Μοιραίος Δεκέμβριος / The Fateful December, special supplement of newspaper 'Vima', Sunday, 5 December 2010, p. 54.
#  Theodorakis, op. cit., Ch. 4, p. 95 sq.
#  Theodorakis: Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου III / The Ways of the Archangel, Autobiography: Read the complete, deeply moving Volume III ("The Nightmare")
#  [http://en.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/articleview/120/1/44/ "Mikis Theodorakis - The Home Page - About the Trio"]. En.mikis-theodorakis.net. 2004-07-30. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
#  George Giannaris: Mikis Theodorakis. Music and Social Change, p. 81
#  Theodorakis: Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου IV / The Ways of the Archangel, Autobiography, Volume IV, p. 259 sq
#  Jean Boivin, 'Messiaen's Teaching at the Paris Conservatoire: A Humanist Legacy', in Siglind Bruhn, Messiaen's Language of Mystical Love (New York, Garland, 1998), p.10
#  George Giannaris, op. cit., p. 90 sq
#  [http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt0n39q01q/ "INVENTORY OF THE WILLIAM AND NOMA COPLEY FOUNDATION AND COLLECTION RECORDS, 1954-1980"]. Oac.cdlib.org. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
#  George Giannaris, op. cit., p. 118 sq
#  Gail Holst. Mikis Theodorakis. Myth & Politics in Modern Greek Music, p. 74 sq
#  Mikis Theodorakis: Journal of Resistance, (Dictionary), p. 328
#  Gail Holst, op. cit., p. 78
#  cf. http://www.upress.pitt.edu/BookDetails.aspx?bookId=34445
#  [http://en.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/articleview/203/1/46 "Mikis Theodorakis - The Home Page - On "Axion Esti"". En.mikis-theodorakis.net]. Retrieved 13 February 2012.
#  Stephen Wigler, Sun Music Critic (8 May 1994). [http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1994-05-08/features/1994128214_1_mikis-theodorakis-greek-barrel-chest/2 "Theodorakis writes the music of history"].
#  Mikis Theodorakis: Journal of Resistance, p. 71 sq
#  Mikis Theodorakis, op. cit., p. 169 sq
#  Mikis Theodorakis, op. cit., p. 263 sq
#  Mikis Theodorakis, op. cit, p. 280sq
#  The story of this rescue in French, cf. Guy Wagner: Mikis Theodorakis. Une vie pour la Grèce, p. 387 sq.; in German, cf. Guy Wagner: Mikis Theodorakis. Ein Leben für Griechenland, p. 420 sq
#  [http://en.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/articleview/359/1/56/ "Mikis Theodorakis - The Home Page - Manos Eleftheriou"]. En.mikis-theodorakis.net. 2004-08-21. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
#  François Mitterrand: Je peux me dire son ami (Preface to: Mikis Theodorakis: Les Fiancés de Pénélope
#  Gail Holst, op. cit, p. 206 sq
#  Gail Holst, op. cit, p. 271 sq
#  [http://en.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/articleview/379/1/67/ "Mikis Theodorakis - The Home Page - "I Gitonies tou Kosmou"]". En.mikis-theodorakis.net. 2004-08-24. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
#  [http://en.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/articleview/31/1/8/ "Mikis Theodorakis - The Home Page - 1988-1996"]. En.mikis-theodorakis.net. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
#  [https://web.archive.org/web/20110713232743/http://www.loizidis.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=147&Itemid=116&lang=en "Mikis Theodorakis profile"]. Loizidis.com. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2012.
#  [https://web.archive.org/web/20030111003119/http://www.andante.com/article/article.cfm?id=17497 Composer Mikis Theodorakis Awarded Korngold Prize] 1 July 2002 archived from http://www.andante.com/article/article.cfm?id=17497
#  [https://web.archive.org/web/20120222234516/http://www2.kah-bonn.de/filmmusik/mikise.htm "Art and Exhibition Hall - International Biennal For Film"]. .kah-bonn.de. 2002-06-28. Archived from the original on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
#  [http://en.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/articleview/493/1/71/ "Mikis Theodorakis - The Home Page - 20.10.07: Lifetime Achievement Award"]. En.mikis-theodorakis.net. 2007-09-23. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
#  [http://www.hri.org/news/greek/apeen/2007/07-03-20_1.apeen.html "Athens News Agency: News in English, 07-03-20"]. Hri.org. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
#  [https://www.france24.com/en/20190307-zorba-composer-mikis-theodorakis-hospital-with-heart-problem "Zorba composer Mikis Theodorakis in hospital with 'heart problem'"]. France24. March 7, 2019.
#  [https://www.thenationalherald.com/234211/famed-greek-composer-theodorakis-now-anti-syriza-hospitalized/ "Famed Greek Composer Theodorakis, Now Anti-SYRIZA, Hospitalized"]. The National Herald. March 10, 2019.
#  [http://www.jpost.com/JewishWorld/JewishNews/Article.aspx?id=208291 "'Zorba the Greek' composer: I'm anti-Semitic"]. Jpost.com. 2011-02-15. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
#  A. Makris (10 February 2011). [http://greece.greekreporter.com/2011/02/10/%E2%80%98zorba%E2%80%99-composer-declares-himself-an-anti-semite "'Zorba' Composer Declares Himself an Anti-Semite"].
#  [http://www.jta.org/2011/02/09/news-opinion/world/zorba-composer-declares-himself-an-anti-semite "Zorba' composer declares himself an anti-Semite"]. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 9 February 2011. Oddly, during the television interview he said that "I’m an anti-Semite but I love Jews."
#  Robert S. Wistrich (1 June 2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=yBvt4Fwc5XoC&pg=PA16 From Ambivalence to Betrayal: The Left, the Jews, and Israel.] U of Nebraska Press. p. 16. ISBN 0-8032-4083-X.
#  Jonathan Rynhold (23 February 2015). [https://books.google.com/books?id=ogZEBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA26 The Arab-Israeli Conflict in American Political Culture]. Cambridge University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-1-107-09442-0.
#  [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xV5caDKNeIU "Mikis Theodorakis - About the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia 16-6-2013"]. Youtube. 2013-06-16. Retrieved 2014-08-23.
#  A NATION AT WAR: PROTEST; [https://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/07/world/a-nation-at-war-protest-anti-americanism-in-greece-is-reinvigorated-by-war.html? Anti-Americanism in Greece Is Reinvigorated by War] New York Times 7 April 2003
#  gravity.gr - interactive web. [http://www.mikis-theodorakis-kinisi-anexartiton-politon.gr/ "Κίνηση Ανεξάρτητων Πολιτών - Επίσημη ιστοσελίδα"]. Mikis-theodorakis-kinisi-anexartiton-politon.gr. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
#  [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vzsUAD6y0s "Η ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΤΟΥ ΜΙΚΗ ΘΕΟΔΩΡΑΚΗ ΣΤΑ ΠΡΟΠΥΛΑΙΑ 31-5-2011"]. YouTube. 31 May 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2012.
#  [http://www.folkways.si.edu/searchresults.aspx?sPhrase=Mikis%20Theodorakis&sType=%27phrase%27/ Theodorakis Discography] at folkways.si.edu; accessed 7 December 2017.

== Further reading ==
* Jean Boivin, Messiaen's Teaching at the Paris Conservatoire: A Humanist Legacy, in Siglind Bruhn, Messiaen's Language of Mystical Love (New York, Garland, 1998), 5-31: 10
* George Giannaris: Mikis Theodorakis. Music and Social Change, Foreword by Mikis Theodorakis. G. Allen, London, 1972
* Gail Holst: Myth & Politics in Modern Greek Music, Adolf M. Hakkert, Amsterdam, 1980
* Mikis Theodorakis: Journals of Resistance. Translated from the French by Graham Webb, Hart-Davis MacGibbon, London, 1973
* Mikis Theodorakis: Music and Theater, Translated by George Giannaris, Athens, 1983
* Asteris Koutoulas: O Mousikos Theodorakis / Theodorakis the Musician (in Greek). "Nea Synora - A. A. Livami, 1998. ISBN 978-960-236-916-6
* Guy Wagner: Mikis Theodorakis. Mia Zoi yia tin Ellada. Typothito - Giorgos Dardanos, 2002. ISBN 960-402-008-0 (The biography exists also in French: Mikis Theodorakis. Une Vie pour la Grèce. Editions Phi, Luxembourg, 2000; and in German: Mikis Theodorakis. Ein Leben für Griechenland. Editions Phi, Luxembourg, 1995)
* George Logothetis: Mikis Theodorakis: the Greek soul, translated from the Greek by Phillipos Chatzopoulos, Agyra editions 2004, ISBN 960-422-095-0. The Chinese version has been published by Shanghai Baijia Publishing House in 2008, ISBN 978-7-80703-861-0.
* Asteris Kutulas: Mikis Theodorakis. A Life in pictures (in German), Coffee-table book with 1 DVD & 2 CDs. Schott Music, Mainz 2010, ISBN 978-3-7957-0713-2
* Arja Saijonmaa: En ung naken kvinna : mötet med Mikis (A young naked woman - the meeting with Mikis), ISBN 978-91-642-0345-8 (bound) Stockholm : Piratförlaget, 2011 Swedish 443 pages, [16] picture pages + 1 CD with four songs by Mikis Theodorakis.

== External links ==
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0006319/ Mikis Theodorakis on IMDb]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050302235149/http://www.mikis-theodorakis.net/ Website  (archived)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120724/http://www.spitha-kap.gr/ Ιστοσελίδα Κίνησης Ανεξάρτητων Πολιτών - website of Independent Citizens Movement] at archive.org.
* [https://archive.is/20130201223943/http://www.schott-music.com/shop/persons/featured/21786/ Official Site (Schott Music) with non-proprietary audio files, discography, recent performances and news]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040601005208/http://www.mmb.org.gr/page/default.asp?id=283&la=2%2F Lilian Voudouri Library]
* [https://www.myspace.com/alexiamikis Alexia - Mikis Theodorakis MySpace page]
* Nicolas Mottas, [http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/111974 "Mikis Theodorakis: A Legend for Greece"] - American Chronicle, July 28, 2009.
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vzsUAD6y0s Mikis Theodorakis speech against International Monetary Fund and Greek government, May 31, 2011] on YouTube
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090921142809/http://int.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/static/15/ Film scores]
* [http://en.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/articleview/87/1/58/ Complete discography]
* [http://www.bruceduffie.com/theodorakis.html Interview with Mikis Theodorakis by Bruce Duffie, May 19, 1994]

''Text adapted from Wikipedia''

[[Category: Greek Profiles]]