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[[File:МайкНауменко.jpg|thumb|Mike Naumenko. Photo by Joanna Stingray]]
Mikhail Vasilyevich Naumenko, better known as Mike Naumenko (Russian: Майк Науменко, 18 April 1955 – 27 August 1991)<sup>[1]</sup> was a [[:Category: Soviet Union|Soviet]] rock musician, singer-songwriter and interpreter, and leader of the band [[Zoopark]].

Born in Leningrad, in the 1970s he was a member of the Russian rock group [[Aquarium]], and in 1981 he formed Zoopark, which became one of the most outstanding blues rock groups of the USSR.<sup>[2]</sup> Naumenko is considered one of the best lyricists of Russian rock, although drawing heavily on Bob Dylan and other UK/US songwriters, and occasionally retaining the original melody as well. Some of Naumenko's songs are more or less faithful translations or remakes of English language source material (the notions of copyright and plagiarism being hardly established in the Soviet Union, especially as regards works created on the other side of the Iron Curtain). Largely imitative, Naumenko's input was yet very significant as he adapted the Western rock tradition to Russian culture and the urban realities of Leningrad.<sup>[3][4]</sup>

== Early years ==
Mikhail Naumenko studied at a "school with an intensive English-language program" in Leningrad, where he got his stage name, "Mike", presumably from his English teacher.<sup>[5]</sup>

Naumenko became interested in music at the age of 8, when he heard a Beatles song for the first time from the street while he was standing on a balcony. The first rock bands that attracted his attention were The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, and Jefferson Airplane; also he collected magazine articles about T. Rex, The Doors and David Bowie. At the age of 15, he started playing guitar and writing his first songs. The lyrics of his first songs were in English, but in 1972-1973 he switched to Russian under the influence of his close friend, [[Boris Grebenshchikov]].<sup>[5][6]</sup> Besides music, he had lifetime interests in aeromodeling and in translating from English to Russian, which also started while he was at school.<sup>[7][8]</sup>

After he graduated from high school, having followed an advice from his father, Mike went to Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, but during his 4th year of study he lost interest in the subject and dropped out.<sup>[7]</sup> He worked as a sound engineer at the Bolshoi Puppet Theatre (Russian: Большой театр кукол), then as a watchman. Throughout this time Mike remained a musician.<sup>[9]</sup>

Naumenko started his musical career in little-known Leningrad rock bands, such as "Soyuz Lyubiteley Muzyki Rock" ("Union of Lovers of Rock-Music", Russian: "Союз любителей музыки рок") and "Vokalno-instrumentalnaya gruppirovka imeni Chacka Berry" ("Vocal-instrumental Band Named in Honor of Chuck Berry", Russian: "Вокально-инструментальная группировка им. Чака Берри"), which mostly played classical rock-n-roll songs from 1950th – 1970th. In the second half of 1970th, he performed with Aquarium, a prominent Leningrad rock band, as a guitarist.

In the summer of 1978, Naumenko and Boris Grebenshchikov (the leader of Aquarium) recorded an acoustic album "Vse brat'ya – sestry" ("All Brothers are Sisters", Russian: "Все братья – сестры"). The recording was made with a "Mayak-202", a serial soviet tape recorder, on the bank of Neva river in Leningrad. The themes of the songs were heavily influenced by the creative works of Bob Dylan. The only instruments used were a guitar and a harmonica, and the recording quality was far from perfect. However, many songs from this album later became very well-known on the Russian rock scene.<sup>[10]</sup>

Two years later, in the summer of 1980, Mike recorded his first solo album called "Sladkaya N i Drugie" ("Sweet N and Others", Russian: "Сладкая N и другие") with the help of Boris Grebenshchikov and [[Vyzcheslav Zorin]] (guitar). The recording took place in the studio of Bolshoi Puppet Theatre. The total number of recorded songs was 32, however only 15 of them were included in the album. The album quickly became famous in Moscow, and Mike became recognizable as a "Bob Dylan from Leningrad".<sup>[11]</sup>

Naumenko's lyrical muse has been identified as the Leningrad artist Tatyana Apraksina, as reflected in songs such as "Sweet N," "If It Rains," "Your River's Blues" and "Morning for Two".<sup>[12]</sup> According to Naumenko, in a later interview, "All my songs are dedicated to her."<sup>[13]</sup>

== Zoopark ==
In 1981, Naumenko created the Zoopark rock band in which he was the lead vocalist and an art director until his death. Not considering his voice to be very good, he performed his songs in recitative style, and their ironic and satiric lyrics written mostly in the first person brought him a great deal of popularity.

The lyrics of Naumenko's songs were often translations or interpretations of the Western rock songs of Bob Dylan, Lou Reed or T. Rex. Sometimes he left the original melody intact too, e.g., one could compare "Zolotie Lvi" ("Golden Lions", "Золотые львы") and "Pozvoni mne rano utrom" ("Call Me Early in the Morning", "Позвони мне рано утром") with Dylan's "Idiot Wind" and "Meet Me in the Morning"; or "Ya lublu bugi-vugi" ("I love Boogie-Woogie", "Я люблю буги-вуги") with "I Love to Boogie". There was no "plagiarism"-related agenda in the specifics of USSR, thus Mike's "recipiency" was accepted as a way to digest the Western musical and lyrical traditions in the Russian way.

== Late years and death ==
In the late 1980s, Mike started facing troubles related to health and household issues, mainly due to alcohol abuse. The ability to move his left hand deteriorated and he could hardly play the guitar. His wife also left him.

Naumenko died in Leningrad on 27 August 1991, at the age of 36, as a result of cerebral hemorrhage caused by an accident in his flat, which some speculate had outside causes. This theory, however, was never proven.<sup>[1]</sup>

Naumenko was buried in Volkovo Cemetery, Saint Petersburg.

<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cTxNPb0Nue8&list=RDEMKS-amV4CTW5klU4bUqvL5g&start_radio=1 </youtube>

== Legacy ==
Mike's memory has been honored with numerous tribute albums (see Discography below) and in other creative works including a 2009 novel and an "blues opera" that premiered in 2011.<sup>[3]</sup> A collection of Naumenko's complete writings — including his samizdat translation of Richard Bach's Illusions — is being prepared for publication in 2015.<sup>[3]</sup>

He appears as a character in Leto, a 2018 Russian biographical film about [[Viktor Tsoi]]. Mike Naumenko is played by Roman Bilyk.

== Discography ==
'''with Zoopark'''
* 1981 — Blues de Moscou
* 1983 — Uyezdny gorod N
* 1984 — Belaya polosa
* 1987 — Illyuzii
* 1987 — Bugi‐Vugi Kazhdy Den
* 1989 — W
* 1991 — Muzyka dlya filma
* 1996 — Legendy Russkogo roka
* 1999 — The Best

'''Solo'''
* 1978 — Vse bratya – sestry (with Boris Grebenshchikov)
* 1980 — Sladkaya N i drugiye
* 1982 — LV
* 1985 — Zhizn v Zooparke
* 1996 — Vesna‐leto (with Viktor Tsoi)
* 1996 — 12–13 yanvarya 1985 goda, Moscow (with Viktor Tsoi)
* 1997 — Kvartirnik (with [[Sergey Ryzhenko]])
* 1998 — Mike Naumenko. Viktor Tsoi (with Viktor Tsoi)
* 1998 — Ispolneniye razresheno (with Boris Grebenshchikov and Viktor Tsoi)
* 2009 — Leningrad 1984 (with Viktor Tsoi)
* 2010 — 25 oktyabrya 1980 Moscow (with Aquarium)

'''Tributes''' 
* 1993 — Pesni Mayka
* 1998 — Park Maykskogo perioda
* 2000 — Remayk
* 2001 — Rom i Pepsi‐kola (Dmitry Dibrov i “Antropologiya”)
* 2002 — Zoopark tribyut – Pesni Mayka
* 2005 — Tribyut Mayku Naumenko, 50 let. Uyezdny gorod N 20 let spustya
* 2008 — Gryaznye blyuzy (Aleksandr Dyomin)

== References ==
 
# Thedeadrockstarsclub.com - accessed October 20, 2011
#  Rybin A., Startsev A., Eds. and authors, with A. Lipnitsky. Mike from Zoopark (In Russian). Tver: Lean, 1996. ISBN 5-85929-004-7
#  Chernov, Sergey. Unexposed genius: Musicians will gather this week to remember the late Zoopark singer Mike Naumenko. The St. Petersburg Times. April 18, 2012
#  Urban, Michael, with Andrei Evdokimov. Russia Gets the Blues: Music, Culture, and Community in Unsettled Times. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2004. P. 32, 90, 93. ISBN 0-8014-4229-X
#  "Нет смысла представлять Майка Науменко (interview with Mike Naumenko)". April 1988.
#  "Майк о Майке (1981 год) (interview with Mike Naumenko)". журнал "Зеркало" ("Zerkalo" magazine). 1981.
#  "Майк Науменко: похмельный блюз — WWW.ROCK.RU - Российский Рок-портал". rock.ru. Retrieved 2016-12-30.
#  "Ричард Бах, "Иллюзии". Перевод Михаила Науменко".
#  "Online interview of Natalia Naumenko (Mike's wife)".
#  "Все Братья-Сестры - Пустые Места". aquarium.lipetsk.ru. Retrieved 2016-12-30.
#  "Майк Науменко и группа Зоопарк". ucrazy.ru. Retrieved 2016-12-31.
#  Mak, Vladimir. Apraksin Blues (in Russian). Vesti daily newspaper/Nautilus portal. November 29, 2012 Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
#  Kushnir, Alexander. Mike, "Sweet N and Others" - from 100 Cassette Albums of Soviet Rock. Archived 2018-06-16 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)

== External links ==
* [http://www.remike.spb.ru/ Remike.spb.ru]
* [http://www.mikenaumenko.ru/ Майк Науменко.ru]
* [http://www.mike-zoo.kiev.ua/ Mike-zoo.kiev.ua]
* [http://www.zoo-mike.ucoz.ru/ Майк и группа "Зоопарк"]
* [http://lib.ru/KSP/zoopark.txt Poems at lib.ru]

''Text adapted from Wikipedia''
[[Category: Russian Profiles]] [[Category: Soviet Profiles]]